The second talk will focus on how disks shine.  It will be structured
as a series of progressively improved approximations.  The simplest
expectation is thermal emission at a single dominant temperature; the
next simplest is thermal emission from a range of temperatures.

The effects of Comptonization will then be introduced, followed by
those of opacity due to heavy elements, but still in the context of
essentially thermal radiation.  The middle section of the talk will
discuss the issues involved in generating the observed hard X-rays:
Comptonization in a regime farther and farther removed from thermal
equilibrium.  Lastly, I'll introduce a new observable: X-ray
polarization, and talk about what might be expected from accretion
disks around black holes when, three or four years from now, the first
X-ray spectropolarimetry mission will be launched.